Monday, August 10, 2020

Linux Cent OS Network Handy commands

 

Linux Cent OS Network Handy commands


tcp connection details:

sof -i

COMMAND   PID     USER   FD   TYPE    DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

ssh     15465 shgeorge    3r  IPv4 628118962      0t0  TCP 172.21.1.100:42329->sdc-f5-dmz-ltm-01-ve.aim.local:ssh (ESTABLISHED)

lsof -i :ssh

COMMAND   PID     USER   FD   TYPE    DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

ssh     15465 shgeorge    3r  IPv4 628118962      0t0  TCP 172.21.1.100:42329->sdc-f5-dmz-ltm-01-ve.aim.local:ssh (ESTABLISHED)


 netstat -an | grep LISTEN

tcp        0      0 192.168.100.1:53            0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:58811               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:199               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:5900              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 :::111                      :::*                        LISTEN      

tcp        0      0 :::58992                    :::*                        LISTEN      

unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     17044  /var/lib/libvirt/qemu/sdc-securid-vm.deerfield.aim.local.monitor

unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     221367479 /var/run/salt/minion/minion_event_942f3619a7_pull.ipc

unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     14014  /var/run/rpcbind.sock


biggest top 10 directories

du -hs */ | sort -nr | head


biggest file

ls -lS | head


 ls -lS | head


Linux Firewall

eg. permit udp/69

iptables -D INPUT -p udp –dport 69 -j ACCEPT


# Allows connections to SSH/SFTP/SCP

-A INPUT -j ACCEPT -p tcp --dport 22

# Allow ping 

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT


openssl

open key file 

openssl req -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout myserver.key -out server.csr



search a file *.xml


find . -name *.xml

  find files bigger than 10,000 bytes


find . -size +10000c -size -50000c -print

 

 Top 10 directories

biggest top 10 directories

du -hs */ | sort -nr | head


Server Performance Using vmstat Command

vmstat -a

ZIP  a file


gzip -ztf archive.tar.gz


unzip tar file

tar:

tar -tf archive.tar

Saturday, August 8, 2020

Vue Prometric online exam Tips

 

Pearson Vue Prometric online exam:

I tried to take one of the online exam offers by Vue Prometric

During the sign-in process using my Windows 10 laptop, it failed

When I tried to download the Vue software file OnVue-3.25.24.exe, anti-virus software made it an unsafe file and could not run the .exe file. I had to switch it to Macbook pro and able to run the file. Please do the following to run the file

Windows 10:

Turn off the anti-virus software, instead of click download, open the download link in another tab.

Install the .exe file

MacBook Pro

Unzip and install the file, give allow permission to run

During the Mic test, speak loudly to pass.

Also; turn on facetime, otherwise webcam won’t pass.

I had to wait 30 minutes to get the online proctor even though Vue screen says 15 Minutes.

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

PALO ALTO Firewall Handy Commands PAN-OS 9.1

show routing route   >> route

ping source 203.0.11.1 host 8.8.8.8  > ping a host

show system statistics application

show log system subtype equal HA    > HA
show log system subtype equal HA




Time                Severity Subtype Object EventID ID Description
===============================================================================
2016/07/01 00:24:55 info     ha             ha1-lin 0  HA1 link up
2016/07/01 00:25:12 info     ha             state-c 0  HA Group 1: Moved from state Initial to state Active-P

show system disk-space

show running resource-monitor

show system resource followsho 
show log [ system | traffic | threat ] direction equal backward –   >> log

show log system direction equal backward 

show log system severity equal critical

show log system subtype equal LACP start-time equal 2019/05/13@18:20:00   > specific date and time


show system info –provides the system’s management IP, serial number and code version
show system statistics – shows the real-time throughput on the device
show system software status – shows whether various system processes are running
show jobs processed – used to see when commits, downloads, upgrades, etc. are completed
show system disk--space-- show percent usage of disk partitions
show system logdb--quota – shows the maximum log file sizes
debug dataplane internal vif link – show management interface (eth0) counters
show system resources -- shows processes running in the management plane similar to “top” command
show running resource--monitor – used to see the resource utilization in the data plane, such as dataplane CPU utilization

NAT
show running nat--policy-- shows current NAT policy table
show running ippool-- use to see if NAT pool leak
test nat--policy--match – simulate traffic going through the device, what NAT policy will it match?

Routing
show routing route – displays the routing table
test routing fib--lookup virtual--router <VR_name> ip <IP_addr_trying_reach> -- finds which route in the routing table will be used to reach the IP address that you are testing

Policies
show running security--policy – shows the current policy set
test security--policy--match from trust to untrust destination <IP>-- simulate a packet going through the system, which policy will it match?


URL
test url <url or IP> – used to test the categorization of a URL on the FW

Agent
show pan--agent user--IDs -- used to see if the FW has pulled groups from the PANAgent
show user ip--user--mapping – used to see IP to username mappings on the FW
clear user--cache all – clears the user--ID cache

show user user-id-agent statistics
show user group name "AD\name-of-the-group"

LOG

show log [ system | traffic | threat ] direction equal backward – will take you to the end of the specified log
show log [ system | traffic | threat ] direction equal forward – will take you to beginning of the specified log

Update / Downgrade

request content upgrade install file <filename>
request content downgrade install previous –downgrade to the previous content version

License

request license info – shows the license installed on the device

IPSec
To view detailed debug information for IPSec tunneling:
          1. debug ike global on debug
          2. less mp--log ikemgr.log


TCPDUMP
tcpdump filter “src net <ip/netmask>”
tcpdump snaplen 1500 filter “src net <ip/netmask>”

view-pcap filename.pcap


VPN

show vpn flow Shows encap/decap counters
show vpn gateway Shows list of IKE gateway configurations.
show vpn ike-sa Shows IKE Phase 1 SA
show vpn ipsec-sa Shows IPSEC Phase 2 SA.
show vpn tunnel Shows list of auto-key IPSec tunnel configurations.
show log system subtype equal vpn direction equal backward
clear vpn ike-sa gateway <value>
clear vpn ipsec-sa tunnel <value>
test vpn ike-sa gateway <value>
test vpn ipsec-sa tunnel <value


System details

show system info                   //shows the uptime of the device
show system environmentals         //e.g. power supply failures
show ntp
show session info                  //packet rate, number of sessions, fastpath active, etc.
show session id <id>
show interface { all | <interface-name> }
show routing route                 //routing table (all routes)
show routing fib                   //forwarding table (only used routes)
show routing protocol <protocol> ...
show arp { all | <interface-name> }
show neighbor interface { all | <interface-name> }   //IPv6 neighbor cache
show mac all                       //only with layer 2 interfaces
show jobs all
show jobs id <id>
show running resource-monitor      //resource statistics
show system resource follow        //="top", CPU usage and processes
show system disk-space             //="df -h"
debug software restart <service>   //Restart a certain process
request restart system             //Reboot the whole device


HA

show high-availability all
show high-availability state
show high-availability link-monitoring
show high-availability path-monitoring
show high-availability control-link statistics
show high-availability state-synchronization
request high-availability state suspend
request high-availability state functional
request high-availability state peer suspend
request high-availability state peer functional

SCP


scp export log system to username@host://ip address of the server/home/username/filename
scp import software from username@host://ip address of the server/home/username/file name




Friday, March 31, 2017

ISR 4300 series router- copper gig Interface Freezes during Reboot

ISR 4300 router series copper gig interface port where Switch stack is connected become inactive when both router and Cisco switch stack are rebooted at the same time. This behavior does not happen all the time but occasionally. This problem happens in remote branches where the router and switches are not protected by a good UPS. The router does not generate any error codes and Cisco TAC may not be able to find the cause. Assume the LAN switch stack is connected to router interface Gi0/0/2.


To resolve this issue, please do the following as workaround

Conf t
int gi 0/0/2
Shut
no nego auto
no shut
Exit
int gi 0/0/2
Shut
nego auto
No shut
Exit
If the interface does not come UP, save the router config and reload the router.

Monday, March 20, 2017

EM script Dual ISP

track 130 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 line-protocol

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
description Isp1

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.10.1 name isp1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 148.20.20.2 250 name isp2

event manager session cli username "xxxxxxxxx"
event manager applet  ISP-down
 event track 130 state down
 action 1.2 cli command "en"
 action 1.3 cli command "xxxxxxxx"
 action 1.5 cli command "conf t"
 action 1.6 cli command "no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.10.1 name ISP1"
 action 1.7 cli command "ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 148.20.20.2 name ISP2"
 action 2.0 cli command "exit"
 action 2.5 syslog msg "Moved the traffic to ISP2"
event manager applet CTL-up
 event track 130 state up
 action 1.2 cli command "en"
 action 1.3 cli command "xxxxx"
 action 1.5 cli command "conf t"
 action 1.6 cli command "ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 148.20.20.2 250 name ISP1"
 action 1.7 cli command "ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.10.1 name ISP1"
 action 2.0 cli command "exit"
 action 2.5 syslog msg "Moved the traffic to ISP1"
!
end

Thursday, April 30, 2015

f5 tmos commands

Log in to the Traffic Management Shell (tmsh) by entering the following command:
Tmsh
delete a partition

 To delete the VLAN named vlan-rd1234 that belongs to administrative partition named ResourceA, type the following command:
delete /net vlan /ResourceA/vlan-rd1234
Delete the affected route domain, using the following command syntax:
delete /net route-domain //

For example, to delete the affected route domain named rd1234 that belongs to administrative partition named ResourceA, type the following command:
delete /net route-domain /ResourceA/rd1234

Save the configuration using the following command:
save /sys config
Create a partition
create /auth

For example, to create a new administrative partition named ResourceA, type the following command:

create /auth partition ResourceA
Change tmsh path to the desired administrative partition, using the following command syntax:

cd /

For example, to change to the tmsh path to administrative partition named ResourceA, type the following command:

cd /ResourceA
Under the desired administrative partition created in Step 3, create the required VLAN, using the following command syntax:

create /net vlan interfaces add { } tag

For example, to create the VLAN named vlan-rd1234 with network interface 1.1 and tag it with a VLAN ID 1234, type the following command:

create /net vlan vlan-rd1234 interfaces add { 1.1 } tag 1234
Create the required route-domain and add the VLAN created in Step 4, using the following command syntax:

create /net route-domain { id vlans add { } }

For example, to create the route-domain named rd1234 with ID value 1234 and add the VLAN vlan-rd1234 as a member to the route-domain, type the following command:

create /net route-domain rd1234 { id 1234 vlans add { vlan-rd1234 } }
Set the route domain created in Step 5 as the Partition Default Route Domain, using the following command syntax:

modify /auth partition default-route-domain

For example, to set the partition named ResourceA to use route domain ID 1234 as the partition default route domain, type the following command:

modify /auth partition ResourceA default-route-domain 1234
Create the desired self IP address with the VLAN create in Step 4, using the following command syntax:

create /net self / vlan

For example, to create a self IP address of 10.0.0.100 with netmask 255.255.255.0 with the VLAN vlan-rd1234, type the following command:

create /net self 10.0.0.100/255.255.255.0 vlan vlan-rd1234
Continue to create any additional required self IP addresses.
Save the configuration, using the following command:

save /sys config

Change to the top-level administrative partition using the following command:
cd /
List the self IP address that is currently configured in the BIG-IP system, by typing the following command:
list /net self recursive
Create  VLAN
To create a VLAN on an untagged interface, use the following command syntax:

create net vlan interfaces add { }

For example:

create net vlan test-vlan interfaces add { 1.1 }
Save the change by typing the following command:

save /sys config
You can view the BIG-IP systems VLAN configuration by typing the following command:

show net vlan
Modifying the untagged interface associated with an existing VLAN

Impact of procedure: The impact of this procedure depends on the specific environment. F5 recommends testing any changes during a maintenance window, with consideration to the possible impact on your specific environment.

Log in to the Traffic Management Shell (tmsh) by typing the following command:

tmsh
To modify the untagged interface for a VLAN, use the following command syntax:

modify net vlan interfaces replace-all-with { }

For example:

modify net vlan test-vlan interfaces replace-all-with { 1.3 }
Save the change by typing the following command:

save /sys config
You can view the BIG-IP systems VLAN configuration by typing the following command:

show net vlan
Creating a VLAN with a tagged interface

Impact of procedure: The impact of this procedure depends on the specific environment. F5 recommends testing any changes during a maintenance window, with consideration to the possible impact on your specific environment.
Log in to the Traffic Management Shell (tmsh) by typing the following command:
tmsh
To create a VLAN with a tagged interface, use the following command syntax:
create net vlan interfaces add { { tagged }} tag
For example:
create net vlan test-vlan interfaces add { 1.1 { tagged }} tag 4093
Save the change by typing the following command:
save /sys config
You can view the BIG-IP systems VLAN configuration by typing the following command:
show net vlan
Modifying a VLAN to be associated with another tagged interface

Impact of procedure: The impact of this procedure depends on the specific environment. F5 recommends testing any changes during a maintenance window, with consideration to the possible impact on your specific environment.

To modify the VLAN associated with an existing tagged interface, use the following command syntax:

modify net vlan interfaces replace-all-with { { tagged }} tag

For example:

tmsh modify net vlan test-vlan interfaces replace-all-with { 1.3 { tagged }} tag 4093
Save the change by typing the following command:

save /sys config
You can view the BIG-IP systems VLAN configuration by typing the following command:

show net vlan
Modifying the VLAN tag number on an existing tagged interface

Impact of procedure: The impact of this procedure depends on the specific environment. F5 recommends testing any changes during a maintenance window, with consideration to the possible impact on your specific environment.

Log in to the Traffic Management Shell (tmsh) by typing the following command:

tmsh
To modify the VLAN tag number on an existing tagged interface, use the following command syntax:

modify net vlan tag

For example:

modify net vlan test-vlan tag 4092
Save the change by typing the following command:

save /sys config
You can view the BIG-IP systems VLAN configuration by typing the following command:

show net vlan
list ltm rule UDP_TUNNEL_DISCOVER_NODE to show IRule
run util bash to change to bash 
show sys connection cs-client-addr 10.30.164.xxx%338 all-properties
show net arp for mac-address
List auth partition/user/
modify ltm node POLICY-03 state user-down
cd /PARTITION
show sys connection | grep 10.30.xxx.1
list ltm rule [[partition name]]
list ltm node/node monitor/pool/pool members
ping 172.16.38.11%338
tcpdump -ni 0.0 host 172.yy.xx.11
tcpdump -ni 0.0:p dst host 172.xx.yy.20
tcpdump  -ni  /partiotin name/vlan name host 172.xx.xx.14

show ltm persistence persist-records client-addr 172.16.xxx.yyy
show ltm persistence persist-records
delete ltm persistence persist-records NAME
list net vlan/route/route-domain/self
show net arp/
show ltm node/pool/rule/policy/snat/snat-translation/virtual/virtual-address
/ect/init.d/ntpd dtop or start
TMM Traffic manager micro cirnal
tail -f  /var/log/ltm 
run cm config-sync to-group F5_HA
show ltm pool http_ACTIVE detail
show net route static/dynamic
show net arp | grep MAC ADDRESS

list ltm data-group
run util bash
PROD_F5_BACKUP
save /sys ucs backup.ucs
y
run util bash
SCP file transfer:
scp -P 22 /var/local/ucs/backip.ucs Guest@ftpserver:/${NodeCaption}-${Date}-${Time}.ucs
run util bash
cd /var/local/ucs
 SCP :
scp -P 22 cs_backup.ucs Guest@ftp server:/

show interfaces | include line_protocol|input_rate|output_rate

 create VIP
create ltm virtual XIPLINK_AC2_VIP6 destination 172.16.13.212:any ip-protocol udp persist replace-all-with {  STICKY_MASK24 } pool  XS-03 source 0.0.0.0/0 VLANS ADd {  XIPLINK_CLIENT  } vlans-enabled

Add monitor to pool
modify ltm pool XS-03 monitor



CREATE LTM NODE
create ltm node PIL_VM_trest_91 address 172.17.x.x
create ltm node PIL_VM_trest_92 address 172.7.x.x
create ltm pool trest members add {PIL_VM_trest_91:any PIL_VM_trest_92:any }
create ltm virtual trest POOl trest destination 172.x.x.x.30:any source 0.0.0.0/0 vlans-enabled vlans add { trest_CLIENT_522 } ip-protocol tcp
modify ltm pool trest members none
show sys connection cs-client-addr 10.x.x.85%338


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